D Batteries, The Complete Guide

When a device calls for serious, long-lasting power, it usually doesn’t ask for AA or AAA – it asks for D batteries. From heavy-duty flashlights and radios to soap dispensers and commercial equipment, D cells are the workhorses of the battery world.

In this guide, we’ll walk through what D batteries are, how they’re different, where they’re used, and how to choose the right type for your application – with plenty of practical tips for getting the most life from every cell.


What are D batteries?

D batteries (often called D cells or R20/LR20 cells) are large cylindrical dry-cell batteries used where devices need a lot of current for a long time.

Like AA and AAA, the letter “D” refers to size, not chemistry. Inside, you can have:

  • Single-use alkaline or zinc-carbon cells

  • High-performance lithium chemistries

  • Rechargeable NiMH or NiCd cells

Because D batteries have more internal volume than smaller sizes, they can store more active material – which translates into higher capacity and longer runtime, especially in high-drain devices.


D battery size, voltage & capacity

A standard D battery is:

  • Around 61.5 mm long

  • Around 34.2 mm in diameter

  • 1.5 V nominal for most single-use chemistries (alkaline, zinc-carbon, many lithium D cells)

  • Approx. 8,000–18,000 mAh capacity for typical zinc-carbon/alkaline variants

Compared with an AA cell (about 50.5 × 14.5 mm and up to ~3,000 mAh), a D battery can hold several times the energy.

That extra capacity is why D batteries show up in devices that:

  • Draw higher current

  • Run for long periods between changes

  • Must stay reliable in emergency situations (torches, radios, safety equipment)


Types of D batteries: alkaline vs rechargeable

1. Primary (single-use) D batteries

Most everyday D cells are primary (non-rechargeable) alkaline or zinc-carbon batteries. They’re ideal when you need:

  • Long shelf life

  • Instant readiness in emergency kits

  • No chargers or charging downtime

For most business and facility applications in Australia, alkaline D batteries are the go-to option because of their higher capacity and better performance under load compared with standard zinc-carbon cells.

“…for low-maintenance, single-use power, our range of primary D batteries is designed for reliable performance in everyday and commercial devices.”

2. Rechargeable D batteries (NiMH, NiCd & others)

Rechargeable NiMH D batteries usually provide around 1.2 V per cell and can be recharged hundreds of times, delivering strong long-term value where devices are used frequently.

They’re a smart choice when:

  • Devices are used daily (e.g. radios, educational equipment, some medical devices – always check OEM specs)

  • You want to reduce waste and total cost of ownership

  • You’re happy to invest in chargers and manage charging cycles

“For reusable power, explore our NiMH rechargeable D batteries and chargers, ideal for frequently used equipment.”


What are D batteries used for?

Because of their size and capacity, D batteries are designed for high-drain or long-runtime devices, including:

  • Heavy-duty torches and lanterns

  • Radios and portable stereos

  • Automatic soap, sanitiser and paper-towel dispensers

  • Sensing and safety equipment (e.g. some alarms, monitoring devices)

  • Certain commercial and industrial controls

“If you’re running lanterns, radios or dispensers across multiple sites, our bulk D batteries range makes it easy to standardise on reliable brands and cut per-unit costs.”


How to choose the right D battery for your device

When you’re standing in front of a shelf (or scrolling a product list), use these quick checks:

  1. Check the device label/manual

    • Look for “D”, “LR20”, “R20” or specific chemistry recommendations.

  2. Match chemistry to usage

    • Alkaline D batteries for most general-purpose and many high-drain devices

    • Lithium D batteries (where specified) for extreme temperatures and critical gear

    • Rechargeable NiMH D batteries for devices you use and recharge frequently

  3. Consider runtime vs budget

    • Lower-cost zinc-carbon D cells suit very light, occasional loads

    • Alkaline and lithium D cells deliver longer runtime and better performance under heavy load

  4. Think about purchasing pattern

    • Facilities, schools and businesses usually save with bulk D batteries rather than individual blister packs – especially for standardised equipment fleets.


How long do D batteries last?

There’s no single runtime number, because lifespan depends on:

  • Battery chemistry and brand

  • Device current draw (low- vs high-drain)

  • Operating temperature

  • How often the device is used

As a rough guide:

  • A quality alkaline D battery in a low-drain device can last months to years between changes.

  • In high-drain devices like powerful torches or radios, expect hours to days of active use per set, depending on mode and usage pattern.

For rechargeable D batteries, focus on cycle life – NiMH cells can typically be charged hundreds of times when used and stored correctly.

“Simple habits like avoiding deep discharge and storing batteries correctly can dramatically extend runtime – see our tips in How to Take Care of Your Device’s Battery.”


Storage, safety & recycling for D batteries

To keep D batteries safe and performing well, follow these essentials:

  • Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and moisture

  • Keep batteries in their packaging or a container so terminals can’t short against metal objects

  • Don’t mix old and new batteries in the same device

  • Remove batteries from devices if you won’t use them for a long period

For end-of-life:

  • In many regions, rechargeable batteries should be recycled, not sent to landfill

  • Check your local council or recycling program for collection points

“For step-by-step advice on safe disposal and recycling options in Australia, read our article on Battery Disposal: The Right Way.”


Where to buy D batteries in bulk

Whether you’re stocking a maintenance cupboard, fitting out a school, or managing multiple commercial sites, having the right D batteries on hand prevents downtime and emergency call-outs.

At HBPlus Battery Specialists, you can:

  • Choose from trusted brands like Procell, Duracell, Energizer and more

  • Buy bulk D batteries by size, chemistry or brand

  • Get expert support on matching batteries to your specific devices